Monday, 9 March 2015

Documentary Plan: 'Mouth' Presentation

HERE IS THE SLIDES & BRIEF SCRIPT ON THE PRESENTATION FOR OUR DOCUMENTARY PLAN ON THE MOUTH



Idea Development - Slide 2 - George

The idea of making a documentary on ‘the mouth’ wasn’t put forward by anyone in our group. But we’re all intrigued upon the idea of the subject because of its great potential and numerous approaches to it. Since the mouth is part of a person, or a place on a person, the idea meets the criteria of the project brief. Now that we had our initial idea, we then had to logistically plan our creative documentary project and develop upon our ideas in terms of how to structure our documentaries from its narrative structure to its and visual aesthetic.


Logistical Planning/Creative Development - Slide 3 - Ben

The first thing we did as a group to develop our ideas was to creating a mind map about the mouth. That way, everyone’s ideas could taken on board and associations could be made between peoples suggestions, sparking further ideas. Practicality of finding participants



Audience and Style - Slide 4 - Mariah



Hiring Crew & Equipment - Slide 5 - Roshana

Hiring crew and equipment is vital in the productions stages, so organization is key. Since our crew would consist of just our group, we have to share the roles between us and exchange them during the production process so everyone would get a chance to play a different role. Equipment we will be using shall be the Sony Z1 to film, shotgun mic with boompole attachment, if needed, for sound. One of the tripods in the Sony Z1 kit and Adobe software on the macs.
-       Difficulty in booking equipment SISO
-       Edit Location/Freedom


Schedule the Shoot - Slide 6 - George

Scheduling the shoot is another important area in the production stage that requires a lot of organization. Sometimes your crew, equipment and cast may not all be available at the same time, so finding a date, time and location that’s suitable for everyone is vital.
We worked out what days of the week each of us were free to work on to film and edit our documentary. We concluded that on Tuesdays and Thursday afternoons would be days we could commit to filming and also having the weekends to work with on things too. We aim to shoot all our footage we need in 3 weeks, but to start on our post-production edit as soon as we get recordings as different interviewees will have different availability. Once we gain consent from our interviewees that we can film them. Being organised with time keeping makes the filming a more efficient process. We must ensure once we’ve secured a date and time to record an interview is to book the equipment via SISO as soon as possible.


Budget/Finance - Slide 7 - Ben

Being students, none of us have much petty cash spare to fund a major production so we had to be realistic in terms of what impacts this could have upon our production. For instance, when choosing our interviewees or locations, they had to be people and places we could have access to at as little expense as possible. Therefore, we knew our locations and interviewees had to be people based on Campus, in Brighton or anywhere, which our group could sensibly reach.

-       Werner stealing equipment


Researching/Sourcing - Slide 8 - Mariah

From our mind map and creative planning, we knew that we would want to interview people who had a profession that involved the mouth in some form. By doing research on the mouth this would gives us a better knowledge on who we could contact for an interview and what sort of questions we could ask them.
-       Definitions of the mouth/dictionary
-       Relate it to Werner
-       Research on interviewees field of work


Scripting/Storyboards/ShotLists - Slide 9 - Roshana

When it comes to scripting and storyboarding, this stage of the production allows you to share your potential vision with others, saves you times and makes the product run more smoothly.

Because of the uncertainty of the interviewees responses, we don’t know what cutaways we’d need beforehand, however with our interviewees, we’d always frame them appropriately with a mid shot to the side of the frame.

Werner didn’t do storyboard...FIND QUOTE

We knew this would need some area of thought but not too much as we didn’t want to come up with our cutaway shot lists before we attained our interview footage. That way we could acquire more cutaways that reflect on the interview dialogue rather than constructing our dialogue around our cutaways.


We have come up with a script for our questions, keeping them open ended so our interviewees could have a more detailed and less limited response to them. The storyboarding of our documentary is important as when it comes to filming our interviewees and cutaways, we will instantly know what shots we need and how to frame them, making the filming more time efficient



Casting - Slide 10 - Ben

As a group, once we came up with our narrative, we looked towards industries and professions that involve the mouth and could provide a good insight and knowledge on the subect.. I contacted many different people from our list, asking if they’d be willing to be involved by being interviewed for our documentary project. We contacted local dentists, make up artists, biologists, tattooists, sommeliers, musicians, bi-linguists and so on. [change to next slide] We wanted as many options as possible so that we could choose who to interview rather than having limitations for our documentary, such as not having enough people to interview. This is because not all who have been contacted will respond, want to be part of the documentary or their availability to meet our deadline.

We have received one response already, confirming their willing participantcy 


Recce - Slide 14 - George

Deciding on locations to shoot in for our documentary is crucial for the mise-en-scene as it signifies aspects of our interviewees. Herzog is known to use the mise-en-scene to reinforce meaning behind what the audience is being told. For example, in Grizzly Man, we would hear Herzog’s narration about the loneliness of living amongst the bears in the wild, it would then cut to a long shot of the Timothy, alone in a vast landscape. Therefore we wanted to base our locations around the places of work of our interviewees. For example we’d have the dentist in a dental practice clinic rather than sitting in park as it would harder for our audience to accept its authenticity of our interviewees.  For our cutaways, we knew they had to be relevant to the piece. Therefore, we decided that we wanted  to get as many cutaways of our interviewees place of work as well as basing it them around the answers they give to our questions. If the interviews cannot take place in the interviewees place of work if then we would have to book out the studio on campus to interview them there instead.



Narrative - Ben + George 

Werner Herzog, now 72, is a German filmmaker. He is seen as great figure in the New German Cinema movement, which originated in the 1960s-80s. He has made both documentary and fiction films, with his documentaries focusing on Bells From The Deep and Grizzly Man are prime examples.

His style of documentary filmmaking consists of expository and participatory mode techniques. Infact, he actually parodies the expository mode by his voice of god narration with his authoritive German accent.

From Herzog’s style to ours, we aim to convey the message that the mouth is a significant part of the body by raising awareness of the functions it has in our life. Therefore our choice of interviewees construct the evidence for our argument, whether this may be a good or bad thing as we no control over what they may say. If we do choose to convey a specific message, we shall use Herzog’s technique of voice of God to persuade our audience towards a certain argument.

From a narrative perspective, we aim to make a short length documentary feature the mouth and the implications it has by being part of our body. We want to engage our audience by making them critically think and be aware of the potential a part of their body has, for good or for bad by selection of whom we interview. Our interviews will consist of asking our interviewees open ended questions to our subject such as how their profession involves the mouth and hopefully then making a personal connection between our subject and interviewee, making our audience reflect upon the information given..

Visually - Mariah + Roshana





















The Mouth/Punktured Piercing - Main Project

Project Brief

You will be required to plan, research and produce a four-minute documentary in small groups of three to four persons. 


The documentary theme will be - A Portrait of a person or a place

Each student must present an individual proposal in Week 3 based on initial research of a possible subject. This involves contacting the relevant people, investigating their availability and willingness to be filmed and deciding on how to present them. Each unit will select one proposal to be produced.
The group will present its research in Week 6, this will involve an enthusiastic and detailed description of your projects aims. We will be expecting your final piece to engage its audience both visually and conceptually. It may be informative, challenging, moving, controversial, revealing or disturbing depending on how you choose to interpret the subject.
Bear in mind that even a short documentary works best if there is some narrative development. Rather than relying too much on an interview with your subject to reveal themselves, try showing them engaged in an activity. Think about how you can structure your film around a key event/moment e.g. a family gathering or someone trying to get something or go somewhere for a particular occasion. How might you give their story a shape?
You should not shoot more than one 60-minute DV tape otherwise you will have too much material to edit. 


Chosen Documentary Topic: 

THE MOUTH











Initial Research

One of the initial parts of our planning stage was researching the mouth. Here are different examples and definitions of the mouth that I found whilst using an online dictionary. 

Online Dictionary: Definition of the 'Mouth' [Picture 1]
Online Dictionary: Definition of the 'Mouth' [Picture 2]
After looking at the various definitions of the mouth, we decided to stick to focusing on the the human mouth and its functions as we thought this would be the most practical aspect of 'the mouth' we could make a documentary about. 
However, as we are limited to making the documentary 4 minutes long, we had to think wisely about the people we could interview about mouth. The best way to share and express everyones idea's was to make a mind map of people and industries we thought related to the mouth...so that's what we did. (see below)


Cast Mind Map

Mouth Ideas Mind Map







As you can see, we narrowed down our mind maps to possible industries/occupations available to us and assigned everyone an industry or occupation to find and contact about filming an interview with. I was assigned to find a dentist, chef and e-cigarette company owner.






Keeping in Contact with the Group

By creating a facebook group chat between us all, it made communication between us all a lot simpler, whether it was considering what date to book equipment out, to finding out what snacks one wanted from the co-op during the edits. This chat we used almost daily during our course, it was a great resource is sharing our views instantly, exchanging documents and transcripts as well as photos of maps (mind and road).













Project Plan: Presentation (SEE SEPERATE BLOG POST)


Reading Week Meeting

Once we knew whom we wanted to interview, We later discussed all the dates we would be available to film from now until the deadline so we could give our interviewees specific dates of our availability, that way it could suit both our needs as well as theirs. Here are the notes we made from this meeting (see below).





Contacting Falmer Dental Care

Falmer Dental Care: Contact Info
I chose to contact the Falmer Dental Care for an interview due to its location, situated on campus, I thought they would be more accepting to record a student interview than a dental care situated in town. Also, it would be easy for our group to get to, especially when transporting equipment. 
I first got in contact with Falmer Dental Care via email. I received a positive and punctual response from them. They were willing to do the interview at their dental practice, however it had to be on a weekday, after 5pm or during a half hour lunch break. 
On the other hand, our group were in a situation where we were running out of time and had to change our project idea from being about 'The Mouth' to being about 'Punktured Piercing'.



Filming @ Punktured Piercing


Before we decided as a group to change our project idea from being about 'The Mouth', we had filmed our first interview on location @ Punktured Piercing with Julie, the manager of the piercing studio, based in Brighton. Ben had done the initial contact with Punktured Piercing and had set up a date with Julie to come into the Piercing Studio and record an interview. We rented out the HRV-Z1E kit and printed out our consent forms and all went along to Punktured piercing in town via train. When we arrived, we were greeted by Julie, whom we'd be interviewing. Ben was assigned the role of questioning Julie, since he had been the one out of the group who had contacted Punktured about filming for our documentary, so we thought he would be best suited for this role as it would be more comfortable for the interviewee. I was the camera man that day and ensured all the equipment was set up properly, tripod and camera, whilst Roshana and Mariah where in charge of sound recording whilst the interviewing was taking place, as well as finding suitable cutaways we could use in and around the studio. 
The interview was a great success, it lasted for over 10 minutes and Julie gave a very confident and knowledgable interview, so we were pleased with the interview footage we had acquired. We took various cutaways of things around the store such as the front desk, products on sale and merchandise as well as an establishing shot of Punktured, similar to the image used in this section. We managed to get Julie to sign a consent form after the interview, we then said our goodbye's and took back our footage to campus to convert and upload into our group media folder and on to Adobe Premiere to edit. However, we had a huge problem with our footage - all the sound was recorded in mono instead of stereo, therefore the only footage we had that was actually of any use would have been the cutaways! Therefore, we were hopeful we would gain some more interviews from the people our group had been contacting.



Other Responses for Interviews

From the list of possible interviewees we chose to contact, we received a wide array of negative feedback when approaching different industries above filming a short interview with them about their profession and how it's related to the mouth. I contacted my Fred Cassman, a good friend of my sister's about whether he was up for an interview about his business. Fred is the owner and manager of Mist-E-Liquids (an electronic-cigarette business, based in Brighton and Hove). I first asked him about whether he'd be up for an interview for a documentary film project for my degree when  I met up with my sister at the Foundry Pub in Brighton. He was happy to do it, so I got in contact with him on the phone to organise a date to have a filmed interview in a couple of weeks after meeting him, but he was unable to co-operate with us for our documentary since he had to go on a business convention for a couple weeks in Los Angeles. 
Concerning the other responses my group members would have received where also not so positive, because I'm not to sure if or who they contact with but it was beginning to seem like we were running short of time and needed to gain more footage as soon as possible if we wanted to make a documentary in time. We had a meeting with Peter (Course Tutor) about our situation, and he suggested we changed our approach to our documentary. 

Changing from 'The Mouth' to 'Punktured'

Research on Punktured & Piercing

When we had our meeting with Peter, he thought it would be best to change our focus from 'The Mouth' to just about Punktured Piercing because it matched the criteria of the project brief more of having a documentary which was a portrait of a person or place. Also, we thought this would be the most practical thing to do in our current situation since we had little footage gained and minimal response from our interviewees for our documentary on the mouth. It wasn't hard to convince members of our group to change our documentary and we were all eager to get going on filming again, but since we had changed our approach to our documentary, we knew we would have to re-film our interview with Julie and construct new questions to ask both her and a fellow colleague at Punktured. 
Myself and Ben spoke over Facebook about possible angles we could take for this documentary and went and visited the studio and picked up flyers and searched on their Facebook page to help us construct a list of questions that we would ask the workers at Punktured. We also wanted to structure them appropriately in terms of grouping the questions around certain topics, such as the history of the store, what they do their and what the future holds for the business. We hoped we would achieve informative and insightful responses from our interviewees through our questions, so we shared the questions document with the facebook group so others could tweak questions if needed. After we had made our new lists of interview questions, I thought it would be good to give Julie, a phone call to enquire about filming another interview on the premises of Punktured Body Piercing Studio, so Ben got on the case.


New List of Questions to Ask the People of Punktured Piercing

- What is your name and role at Punktured?

- How long have you been working at Punktured?

- Can you tell us a general overview of goes on at Punktured?

- How many other people work here besides yourself and what are their roles?

- Why did you choose to go into this profession?

- Do you need any certificates or qualifications to work here at Punktured?

- Tell us about some of the tools you work with at this facility?

- What’s the most common piercing you do?

- What’s the most difficult piercing and why?

- Can you tell/show us how a piercing is done?

- What do you think makes Punktured unique?

- Can you tell us any interesting or quirky stories you have surrounding your time here at Punktured?

- What is your average day like here?

- What do people need to know before considering a piercing?

- Would you say you are the most popular piercing place in Brighton? If so, why?

- What do you think the reasons people get piercing?

- Why do you think people should come to Punktured?

- Do you think the success of Punktured is to do with location?


- What do you think the future holds for Punktured?




Filming @ Punktured...Again

Since our group were all settled upon making a documentary that focussed purely on Punktured Piercing, I thought it would be best if we contacted them over the phone to arrange a date for our group to come in and re-shoot some interviews. Ben was the one in our group to make the call and spoke to Julie on and she was happy for us to come in again to acquire another interview with her, as well as one of the piercing artists who worked there. Ben organised a shooting date with Julie that we would come in on the Friday of the Easter Bank Holiday weekend.
Unfortunately for our group, Ben was away for the Easter Break in Swansea and Mariah was at home in Hampshire, so it was only myself and Roshana who were around to film that allocated day, which wasn't the most ideal of situations. 

On the morning of the shoot, I called Punktured to confirm that we would be coming in to film interviews for our documentary, only to be told by Julie, that this wasn't possible as she had double booked herself accidentally and wouldn't be able to offer us to film until the end of the Bank holiday (which would be Tuesday morning.) This was a shame as without our knowledge, Mariah had decided to come back to Brighton to film that day, only for us to be postponed to another date. 
Later that day, Julie called me up saying she felt very guilty about the situation we were in and felt it responsible. To make up for it, she said she would advertise a free piercing to anyone who would be willing to be filmed by us and ensure that she'd prepare the best responses possible for our interview that would be happening on Tuesday.
My role as cameraman & interviewer
I told the group the situation on our Facebook group and everyone was a bit worried about the situation, especially since only myself and Roshana would be the only ones free that day...again.
On the morning of the Tuesday, myself and Roshana went into town early and planned our production process on the journey. Since I'd been in contact with Punktured, I put myself forward to be the interviewer. I set up the camera and rode mic, and filmed Julie (twice, as the first time the store's radio had been left on!). We also got an interview with a piercing artist, Alex, who was an interesting character and also got some great footage of him performing a tragus piercing.
After filming the interviews and piercing, Roshana pointed out some extra cutaway shots we could get, so we filmed that then said our goodbye's once again to Punktured Piercing. I was very happy with the footage we acquired that day, gaining nearly an hours worth of footage to play with, now came the fun, tedious part came. The edit.


Composition & Narrative Development Research

Since we were following the influence of Werner Herzog in terms of his pre-production procedures, we had no storyboard to work with for our narrative development for our documentary. As our original storyboards and planning were meant for our documentary on the mouth, we had little to work with in terms of arranging our footage for our documentary. Therefore, I wrote up a list of shot sequences and watch various other short documentaries on YouTube to work out a formula of how to structure our documentary in terms of its aesthetic and composition. From my research I found out that:

- Most open with an establishing shot of the location of which the documentary's focus is on.

- Shallow focus is used when shown footage of the interviewee, whereas cutaways has a greater depth of field, or even pull the focus.

- As well as talking to the people who work at the facility, customers and passers-by are also questioned about things in the interview.

- A light theme tune is played during the course of the short documentary and gets louder and more emphatic when there's no dialogue or at the documentary's conclusion.

- There's a lot of cutaways! Gaining as much cutaway footage as you can there better, as long as they are relevant to the dialogue, if it isn't, the cutaway seems un-natural.

- There tends to be a balance in the arguments or information being expressed in the documentary. This is done contextually, in terms of whom is telling the information and aesthetically, it is done by where the interviewee is positioned in the frame - this connotes their position in the argument being expressed in the documentary.


Editing the Documentary: Day 1

Since the HRV-Z1E kits were booked out for the remainder of term, we had to resort to using Ben's Panasonic GH1 camera to film our footage and his Rode Shotgun Microphone with a Zoom H1 audio recorder to record the sound. We had used some of the footage we had recorded using the Sony HRV-Z1E, but these were just the cutaways. 
The first task we had was to convert our recorded files through Xilisoft Video Converter into H.264 video files from AVCHD files due to the fact that Apple Macs don't support AVCHD codec and video. Once the files were converted, we uploaded them into organised event folders in Adobe Premiere Pro CS6. 

On the first day of solid editing, myself and Ben where the ones who went to the Edit Suites. Our first major task for our documentary was to match up the audio that we'd recorded on the rode gun mic to the footage. This was managed by us both looking at the wave forms from the sound recorded via the camera's microphone, alongside the WAV. audio from the rode mic. Once we had that organised, we permanently group the files so the audio and visual were combined together, ensuring our footage had good sound quality. 


Shot Sequences for Julie & Alex Interview [Shot Transcript]
Once we started our project on Adobe Premiere Pro, we had to cut down our two, 10 minute interviews into 2, two minute interviews (since our brief was to make a 4 minute documentary). Me and Ben approached this by keeping the clear dialogue of the interviewee and cutting out everything else; the questions; interviewer dialogue; pauses etc. When we had managed to do that, we listed each shot, captioning each piece of dialogue to it's subject matter, then it was simply a case of choosing which pieces we wanted to keep and were relevant and discarding the irrelevant bits of footage.
Once we got rid of the irrelevant footage, we had around 2 minutes of footage per interviewee. We thought it would be best if we interlaced answers from the interviews that were the same or of a similar subject because it makes for a more flowing narrative structure. However, when we did this, we realised that we didn't have the most relevant cutaways that were to do with the subject matters of the dialogue we would be using so Me and Ben decided to write up a list of shots that we needed and to call it a night and go to town tomorrow and acquire them.


Gaining Extra Cutaways

Myself and Ben went into Brighton on Friday 10th April and recorded the following cutaways around town.
Me & Ben shooting cutaways in town

  • Establishing Shot of Punktured
  • Close-Up shot of Punktured 'Sick Night' Ad
  • Medium Shot of Sticky Mike's Frog Bar
  • Establishing Shot of a Pub
  • Long Shot of the North Lanes
  • Panning Shot of 'Punktured' Sign
  • Long Shot of G.A.C.
  • Medium Shot of Punktured (Inside)
  • Tilt Shot of Price Lists
  • Close-Ups of Helix Ear Piercing
Once again, we used Ben's camera and tripod to film these cutaways and brought them back to convert and upload to Premiere Pro.


Editing our Documentary: Day 2

On that same evening, myself and Ben returned to the Mac Suites to continue with the documentary. The first thing we decided to edit on was the sound for our documentary, we added a constant ambient background sound but there was a much bigger task afoot with the sound in terms of the dialogue. The sound of the interviewees dialogue was fluctuating a lot as both Julie and Alex had different tones and volumes. We had to make the sound levels balance and equal to around -6 to -12 dB as keeping the sound level constant wouldn't disrupt the spectator from the narrative. Going about this wasn't to hard as we just increased the volume when the interviewers where speaking quietly and vice versa when the dialogue was loud. 
This did prove quite an issue and Ben had edited the dialogue on a previous project, it took us a long time to rectify the sounds and to convert it over to a more recent project file, but we did manage to do it.
After editing the ambient sound, it was then a matter of adding the extra cutaways to the documentary, like a jigsaw, we then only had to worry about title cards, credits and colour correction. 

Editing our Documentary: Day 3

The next session of editing, myself and Ben set ourselves aims each hour. I took care of the end credits, cropping each shot - paying attention to the rule of thirds and the four points of interest. It was important that we keep our interviewees at a constant eye level when cutting from each shot too.
For the titles, we chose to use a similar font to that of the logo of "Punktured" and also kept with their colour scheme of turquoise and pink. Once we had added the opening title and names title cards to the documentary, it was then a matter of finding music for the opening and pauses between dialogue. Me and Ben considered looking at the genre of Punk music and instrumentals of that genre through SoundCloud. We chose this genre since Punk was in the title of the name of the piercing studio and also, Punktured sponsored a Punk night at Sticky Mike's Frog Bar in Brighton, so we deemed it to be appropriate for use in our documentary. Ben found various interludes on the web and we found 2 punk instrumentals that were perfect for our cutaways pauses and opening titles. We had to remember to credit the artists at the end if we were definitely going to use them.

For the titles, in terms of the opening, we opened with a moderately paced punk interlude with a montage of body piercings, following a close up of the the shops sign with the words place 'A Documentary' wrote underneath. For the closing credits, we kept with the continuity of using the same font and colour scheme as the title cards on a black background which I constructed using on of the handouts put on StudyDirect.

When it came to colour correction, some of our shot seems a little under exposed. Therefore, we increased the brightness and contrast levels; colour corrected each shot by altering the colour hue and angle balance. This gave our footage a more stylized and natural feel and since we were happy with the product we had produced, then we had to export the documentary into the appropriate video format for hand in.


Exporting

Before we exported our documentary for hand-in, we screen our documentary to Peter before finalising it into the correct format. He commented on

When it came to actually exporting the documentary....


Conclusion

Overall, I think the documentary we made was a successful and quality project. We kept to the project brief, kept a simple narrative structure with smooth transitions between shots and cutaways. It was great to get to use industry standard equipment, but unfortunate that we couldn't use it for the entirety of our project. I was very happy with the final piece we had made in such a short space of time, but if I were to do this project again, I would definitely make some changes.
For instance, having group members which all wanted to contribute to the project and not leaving it to others to make up the effort. It put pressure on the situation but I believe we came out strong. Also, if I were to do it again, I'd like to research more into the industry of piercing to gain some more informative response from our interviewees or maybe gain more interviews from the general public or customers of Brighton. This would give more balance to narrative of the documentary since we only interviewed employees of Punktured piercings and not its customers. 


What is Documentary? Should it be trusted?

Documentary...What is it? Should it be trusted?

The documentary genre has evolved so much in the last few decades, it's become hard to define what exactly a documentary is.

From my A-level studies, I remember John Grierson's quote from his book "First Principles of Documentary" 1996 that documentary is "the creative treatment of actuality".
Meaning that documentary is a broad term to define non-fiction films that try to capture reality.

They tend to 'educate' their intended audience in some shape or form by revealing unusual or interesting topics from an obscure angle. Here's a video of Kevin Knoblock explaining the 3 most common types of documentaries made today:

3 Most Common Types of Documentaries


Documentary film is an approach to the ‘real’ as opposed to the fictional. Dealing with issue of fact, of real events, of actuality. John Grierson stated that documentaries are not just the approach to actuality, but as the ‘creative treatment’ of actuality. It is this that can make or break trust between the spectator and the text and suspend their disbelief. It clearly implicates the filmmaker as being behind the structured representation of the subject and brings out the question of whose real is shown on screen.


Many documentaries have the form of the ‘expository mode’, using a ‘voice of God’ narration to shape the message of the documentary and position the audience in relation to it. The narrator has a power over the spectator by the fact that you very rarely, if not ever see them. Their words can take on an authority that is usually strengthened by a specific style and tone of delivery. Werner Herzog’s biographic documentary film, Grizzly Man (2005) has a split narration between its subject who is Timothy Treadwell and Herzog himself. Herzog has a lot more power and authority in his narration from his fearful German accent, his emotive language and his minimal amount of screen time in comparison to Treadwell. Even the times where we see Herzog on screen, the spectator never see’s his face.

Similarly, in Michael Moore’s Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004) his narration is a crucial element of manipulating the spectators wariness of the truth. The film consists of Moore’s voiceover images and ‘newsreels’ the spectator sees have all been carefully chosen and collated to present a single argument and there is no sense of ambiguity about what Moore is saying. The spectators is not given a chance to think for themselves but are being almost hypnotised to have specific response to what is being shown. Michael Moore has a colloquial and conversational tone in which opposes the serious nature of his revelations. A key example of this is the sequence where George Bush sits in a classroom at a Florida primary school and is delivered the news of the Twin Towers tragedy. Moore’s narration is particularly scornful at this point, he makes fun of Bush’s impotency in the situation and apparent lack of action.



Directors hide the fact of non-realism to make the footage seem ‘real’ and unaltered such as in Robert Flaherty’s Nanook of the North (1922). Owing to the limitations of the hand-cranked cameras, film-stock requiring artificial light, appalling weather conditions and whilst editing everything was burnt and has to be re-shot, there’s no doubt the real created in this documentary is a ‘creative treatment’ of the real. Flaherty had to ask his subjects to do their normal activities in special ways at certain times of the day, thus this film became a kind of acted film. The spectator is unaware of all of this although they are being depicted re-enacted events, consequently re-shaping reality. “Sometimes, you have to lie to distort a thing to catch its true spirit”, Flaherty’s quote amplifies he’s disguised reality in order to generate a certain response from the spectator.





Mini Documentary: My First Day @ Sussex University

Practice Project Brief

In our first few weeks of the video production course, I was put into a group with 3 other people with a brief of gaining interview and cutaway footage for a documentary entitled "My First Day at Sussex". This was a practice exercise in which we utilise the information we had learnt from the workshops and readings and put it to practice.


Planning

In practice, you should gain cutaway footage after you have you want from your interviews. However, in this exercise we did this the other way around and acquired our cutaway footage before we conducted any interviews. 

As a group, we thought about our first days at Sussex University, since we're all first year freshers it was quite easy for use to rekindle our memories of our first few days. Stories about meeting your flatmates, going to fresher events, attending drinks and pub quiz's at the campus bars etc. Since we now had a 'recce' or list of locations we wanted to gain cutaway footage we then thought about where and who we could interview, we didn't really plan this part of our documentary as much as we took our initiative to plot our equipment and crew outside 'EatCentral' on Sussex campus, where a huge majority of students pass by on their commute to lectures, seminars or of course, lunch! 
We thought we could random passers by if they would be willing to answers a few questions about their experience of their first days at Sussex University.

Equipment & Crew

Luckily for us, we didn't have to use the SISO system to book out any equipment as the Sony Z1 was available for each group in our workshops for the first few weeks. Since we we're all needing to get to grips with using this advanced filming equipment, we decided we would alternate the roles each week we would go out to film so we all have a fair understanding of the Z1 camera. The workshop sessions we're really useful in terms of understand how the camera operates and reinforcing the understand of how to change microphones, white balance, exposure, shutter speed etc. 

Shooting the Documentary

We gained about 14 different cutaways, consisting of 2 sequences, lasting around 7-10 seconds per cutaway per location. Myself and Ben went around campus and gained two different shots per location. One was a static shot, the other we would either be a panning shot or we'd pull focus with the Z1, depending on the varsity of the location we were at. These consisted were of different halls on campus, Falmer bar, East Slope bar, Eat Central, Co-Op and the bus/train stations. We we're happy with our cutaways and the selection that we had to choose from.

For our interview footage, our group did as we planned and planted ourselves outside Eat Central and asked random passers by if they'd be willing to be interviewed about their first day at Sussex. We had a great response and managed to film around 6 different short interviews in the space of half an hour! Here is a picture of us in action below.


Editing & Exporting

Editing our footage was a bit chaotic at first as we didn't import our footage in the right format so when we used Adobe Premiere our footage lagged, thus we couldn't edit it properly. To rectify the situation in a short space of time, we imported our footage into Final Cut Pro which did work! 
This was my favourite part of the project as the editing stage is where the narrative is constructed and comes to life. I have done projects similar to this with my A-levels and Chocolate Films in terms of making short, interview-based documentary's so I was aware that cutaways are mainly used to piece together interview dialogue smoothly, so the audience are unaware of the transitions between dialogues. Exporting the footage wasn't as easy as we'd hoped as we we're unable to format the final piece to be played as an MPEG4 QuickTime file.


Conclusion


I found this practice documentary a great way to break the ice with my main practical project group as well as getting a firmer knowledge and understanding of the cameras and equipment available. Mistakes were made along the way during the process of this documentary such as not making our interviewees fill out consent forms, not filming our footage or importing it to Premiere in the right format, filming the cutaways in the afternoon hence not having a lot of natural light in our cutaways, the list could go on. However, mistakes are not to be repeated and I'm sure myself as well as my group are more prepared for when it comes to make our main practical project documentary. Overall, I thought this documentary could have been a lot better with more time, planning and preparation, but it's only a practice exercise so it was nothing to take too seriously, more something to learn from.

Monday, 2 March 2015

Week 7: Editing

Editing Workshop Notes

- Create a project folder in your 'Media for' drive.
- Go to the Mount T drive or the teaching drive>media film and music>CPV Wk4 ppt.
- Copy this document in the project folder you just made in your 'media for' drive.

- Load up Adobe Premiere.
- Create a new project; browse first so you can save your project into the editing workshop folder you made in the 'media for' drive.
- HDV for normal, 1080i, 30fps. This time its folder "XDCAM EX" with 1080i formatting (HQ)
- Go to tab, window>workspace>editing (CS6)
- File>Import>Editing Workshop

The brackets underneath the first screen allows you to choose the mark in and out parts of the footage

Magnet tool stops you from overlapping it and sticks the footage together smoothly


When Exporting:
- Export in format H.264 and change the preset to the sussex submission preset
- Export audio in format AAC with 48,000Hz